Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Huang Wei Ling
Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Brazil
Keynote: How many resources are wasted in the treatment of nosocomial infections and how much could we save if they were completely controlled
Biography:
Huang Wei Ling has completed her Graduation in Medicine in Londrina State University. She is a General Practitioner and Parenteral and Enteral Medical Nutrition Therapist. She has also served as In-charge of the Hospital Infection Control Service of the City of Franca’s General Hospital. She was responsible for the control of all prescribed antimicrobial medication and received an award for the best paper presented at the Brazilian Hospital Infection Control Congress in 1998.
Abstract:
(CDC) estimates that nosocomial infections affect around 1.7 million patients per year and cause 99,000 deaths. According to CDC, 32% of all healthcare acquired infections are urinary tract infections, 22% are surgical site infections, 15% are pneumonia and 14% are bloodstream infections. Now-a-days, only 1/3 of nosocomial infections can be prevented with the infection control programs. The other 2/3 cannot be prevented with the programs used now-a-days. In USA, 31 billions of dollars are spent in the treatment of nosocomial infections per year. The study aims to demonstrate how this 2/3 of nosocomial infections could be controlled with the use ancient medicines reasoning, such as Traditional Chinese Medicine and Hippocrates theories. Another goal is to make evident the possible economy to healthcare when using these techniques and tools in the treatment of nosocomial
infections.
Method: The methodology used was a review of studies, such as those presented by Hippocrates (Natural forces within us are
the true healers of disease), as well as others from oriental medicines, which comprehend the disease as originated from three
factors: external (exposure to cold, heat, humidity, wind and dryness), internal (emotional) and dietary.
Result: When comprehending the patient in a broader view, considering the energy imbalances of Yin, Yang, Qi, blood and heat
retention, it is possible to control and prevent better more nosocomial infections, reducing the costs for the healthcares. Conclusion: The 2/3 of not controlled nosocomial infections cannot be prevented because of the reasoning used in the treatment
of infections in Western Medicine. When using ancient oriental medicines reasoning, a different thinking can be used. According
to Einstein, we cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.
- Endocrinology and Diabetes | Endocrine Disorders | Herbal and Alternative Remedies
Session Introduction
Sovann Peng
Community Medical Center, Cambodia
Title: Metabolic risk profile of pre-diabetes in an urban medical center in Cambodia
Biography:
Sovann Peng has pursued his Diploma of Doctor of Medicine from International University, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. He has been working as Diabetes Program
Coordinator and Junior Physician at Community Medical Center, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Abstract:
Introduction: Pre-diabetes is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Pre-diabetes may precede Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) by many years, allowing for potential intervention. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing around the world, especially in developing countries. Characteristic of patients with pre-diabetes in Cambodia have
not previously been reported.
Aim: To determine the clinical characteristics of patients with pre-diabetes who presented for health care at the Community Medical Center (CMC) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia and to determine if any sex differences exist.
Method: A retrospective study of 207 patients found to have pre-diabetes (HbA1C from 5.7% to 6.49%), who had a complete biophysical profile (age, gender, BMI, abdominal girth, blood pressure and lipid profile) between July 2015 and July 2018.
Result: Physical: Among 207 patients, women represented 72%. Men and women had similar mean of age around 60. Both genders had similar high rates of overweight and hypertension. Women had significantly greater rates of elevated gender corrected abdominal girth (p-value <0.001). Labs: Both women and men had high rates (approximately 80%) of elevated lipid
values (total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides). Women had significantly higher total cholesterol levels than men (p=.04). HDL levels were not measured. Men and women had similar A1C levels (mean around 6.2).
Conclusion: This is the first study to characterize pre-diabetes in Cambodia. Patients with pre-diabetes have high risk lipid profiles and hypertension. Women have more central adiposity than men, which may adversely impact progression to diabetes. Patient with pre-diabetes in Cambodia may benefit from aggressive management of metabolic risk factors.
Huang Wei Ling
Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Brazil
Title: Is it possible to treat Candida fungus infection without the use of anti-fungicides medication
Biography:
Huang Wei Ling has completed her Graduation in Medicine in Londrina State University. She is a specialist in infectious and parasitic diseases. She is a General
Practitioner and Parenteral and Enteral Medical Nutrition Therapist.
Abstract:
Introduction & Aim: Candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida, which is already living inside the body (mouth, throat, gut, vagina, skin). Sometimes Candida can multiply causing an infection, if the environment changes. The study aims to demonstrate if it is possible to treat Candida infection without the anti-fungicides.
Method: The method used was two case reports. In both cases, the patients were being treated for vaginal candidiasis with anti-fungicides and the condition would relapse after the end of the anti-fungicide medication treatment. They were treated with Traditional Chinese medicine approach, using auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting, diet regulation and
correction of the emotional factors through acupuncture.
Results: With the use of Traditional Chinese Medicine approach, with diet regulation and seeing the patient as whole, not only focusing the spot of infection, both patients were cured without the use of anti-fungicides. Each patient is seen individually, but the main factor maintaining the fungus was the humidity, caused by the spleen-pancreas deficiency. Correcting the humididty
in the body through diet and acupuncture, the factors maintaining the fungus growth were corrected and both cases were cured without the use of any antifungicide medication.
Conclusion: We conclude in this study that Candida infections can be treated without the use of antifungicides. For this aim, we need to see the patient as a whole looking to their energy imbalances, changing the dietary habits and using acupuncture, to restore the balance between the internal energy.
Fatemeh Fallah
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: Increase aminoglycosides in multi-drug resistance A. baumannii in important province in Iran
Biography:
Fatemeh Fallah is a Professor of Medical Microbiology in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Her research interest is in Medical
Bacteriology. Her works are on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Abstract:
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the important causes of nosocomial infection in health care systems. A. baumannii has been shown to acquire antibiotic resistance elements quickly. Recently, this Gram negative bacilli has shown resistance to the most of available antibiotics followed by emergence of Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) and Extensive Drug Resistance (XDR) strains. This has partly been due to extensive use of broad spectrum antibiotics especially in burned patients. Aminoglycoside used with beta lactam antibiotics commonly. So, resistance to aminoglycoside can lead to appearance MDR strains of A. baumannii. MDR strains of A. baumannii can make serious problem and increase mortality and morbidity especially in immunosuppress patients like hospitalized one. This study reports to increase rate of aminoglycosides enzymes in MDR A. baumannii and also antibiotic resistance patterns of these global threating bacteria in important province in Iran.
Shahnaz Armin
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: Carbapenem resistant mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A report from Iran
Biography:
Shahnaz Armin is a Specialist of Pediatric Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Her research interest is in Medical Microbiology and also Antibiotic Resistance. Her research group works on national project about global threating bacteria according to priority of WHO.
Abstract:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of most prevalent and important Gram negative bacteria in hospital can cause healthcare association infection in hospitals. Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) strains for these microorganisms can create drastically therapeutic challenges. During the last decade, first line antibiotic resistance using for the treatment of Gram negative bacterial infections are increasing globally and in the recent decade resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics such as carbapenemas as a broad spectrum antibiotic has become increasingly prevalent. Resistance associated with production of carbapenemase and also, efflux pump are the important problem in the health care systems. Carbapenemase can hydrolyze all of beta- lactam antibiotics except Monobactam in some case. Efflux pump can eject different classes of antibiotics to outside of bacteria and make resistance to them. So, these two important antibiotic resistance mechanisms can lead to appearance of multi drug resistance P. aeruginosa. This study reports the rate of different important carbapenemase and also increase of gene expression in efflux pump in P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from some burden cities in Iran.
Maham S
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Title: BACTEC and conventional culture systems comparison to isolate of microorganisms from blood and other sterile body fluids
Biography:
Maham S is working as the Manager of Pediatric Infections Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. His research interest is in medical and diagnostic methods.
Abstract:
Blood stream infectious diseases are prevalent in children and adults. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of bloodstream infections are primarily based on conventional culture results, which saves time and prevents empiric treatment. This study aims to BACTEC and conventional culture systems comparison to isolate of microorganisms from blood and other sterile body fluids, on blood specimens collected from three training hospitals in Tehran, Iran. BACTEC 9120 and conventional methods were used for isolation of microorganism from specimens including blood and other body fluid samples collected from patients hospitalized in the selected hospitals during the study period, from April to June 2009. Time for positive and negative results and hospital charge were estimated for the two culture methods. In total 747 specimens were possessed by BACTEC 9120 systems and 787 by conventional method. Patients aged between 3 days and 8 years old, (mean 11.4±21.9 years); 52% of patients were male and 48% female; Out of 747 specimens were possessed by BACTEC 9120 system, 26% (196/747) and from 787 specimens cultured by conventional method 5% (49/787) were positive (p<0.05). Hospital stay was 13.8±12.9 days in BACTEC 9120 and 17.9±14.9 days in Conventional method (p<0.05), respectively. Time for positivity by BACTEC system was 3.8±1.1
days and 5.9±2.5 days in conventional method (p<0.05), treatment response showed 1.8 day earlier result in patients that their specimens were processed by BACTEC 9120 system. Death rate in BACTEC 9120 method was 6% and 11% in conventional method (p>0.05). In conclusion implementation of BACTEC system for microbiologic detection of pathogens decreases the admission time and early diagnosis and treatment results are cost effective for patient management and prevention of antibiotic resistance.